The 2015 Afghanistan National Drug Use Survey (ANDUS)1 indicated that 11% of the country population (2.9 to 3.5 million people) were tested positive for narcotic drugs. Furthermore, around 690,000 ‐ 850,000 females used drugs in Afghanistan. Sub-programme 3 of UNODC country Programme for Afghanistan aims at addressing drug use, drug use disorders and related HIV/AIDS and other co- morbidities as part of the humanitarian response in Afghanistan, with a special focus on vulnerable groups such as children, adolescents, female drug users and populations in closed settings.
Drug dependence is considered as a multi‐factorial health disorder that often follows the course of a relapsing and remitting chronic disease. To address drug use, and its related disorders, it is necessary to adopt a multifaceted treatment approach taking into account the health, socioeconomic, and security implications of drug use.
An effective drug treatment program should contain quality drug treatment services with particular focus on physical, mental, social, psychological, and economic wellbeing and should facilitate recovery and re‐integration to families and communities.
In order to improve treatment outcomes, prevent relapse and ensure successful integration into society, drug dependence must not be treated in isolation; instead, the wider context in which drug use and recovery take place must also be considered and addressed (sustained recovery management). Currently, drug treatment centres in Afghanistan are providing a range of services including detoxification, rehabilitation, medication. After care, including recovery and social re‐integration services, is not available.
In order to protect recovering drug users from social exclusion, stigma, discrimination and support their integration to families and communities as well as to prevent them from relapse, it is crucial to provide opportunities and tools that will help improve the individual resources required to achieve social reintegration though employment.
Employment is a key protective factor against social exclusion, as it can provide financial means, increase social networks, be associated with certain rights (e.g. access to free healthcare). Evidence shows that recovering drug users who are employed usually respond well to substance abuse treatment. Employment also helps moderate the occurrence and severity of relapse to addiction2. In addition, the benefits of being in (paid) work can include a sense of responsibility and contribution to society; a sense of self‐worth and confidence; a new source of identity; a new social network of non‐drug users; and a daily routine that is not focused on the procurement of drugs.
From 2023, UNODC through partners organization has been implementing an EU-funded project in collaboration with WHO to ensure successful integration of people who use drugs at recovery to their families and society by supporting four vocational skills training programmes in Kabul, Herat, Kandahar, Helmand, Farah and Nangarhar provinces.
To ensure sustained recovery and prevent relapse, VST graduates require strong support systems for employment, income generation, market linkage, private-sector partnership, and family/community reintegration. This consultancy aims to review the existing VST programme and recommend improvements for its effectiveness, sustainability, and alignment with labour market needs.
Objective of the Assignment:
The purpose of this assignment is to carefully review the existing Vocational Skill Training Program (VSTP) under the EU-funded project and come up with recommendations and suggestions for further development and quality improvement of the program.
The consultant should review and strengthen the Vocational Skills Training (VST) Programme, with a strong focus on socio-economic reintegration, job placement opportunities, private-sector partnerships, and market linkages for VST graduates.
Summary of Key Functions:
- To review the overall design, implementation, and approaches of the current vocational skill training program under EU-funded project; focusing on establishing partnership with the private businesses and corporates in the country and come up with recommendations for improvement.
- To develop/ amend the existing training curriculums in accordance with the agreements signed with the partners and donor’s requirements.
- To develop an implementation strategy and guidelines for vocational skills training program. This should be done through the collection and analysis of field information, and desk review of the existing practices in Afghanistan and developing countries contest – including VSTP sustainability plan.
- To conduct market assessment/analysis and map formal and informal job opportunities relevant to the VST program kills .
- To develop a job-placement mechanism (e.g., referral system, job-matching process).
- To facilitate linkages and collaboration with the relevant entities working in vocational skills training programs, for example private corporate houses and implementing partners, and UNODC as needed
- To provide recommendations for apprenticeship and partnership models with private companies; internship agreements, collaboration MoUs, skill-development sponsorships and joint production or supply-chain integration
- To lead development of Public Private partnership strategy/protocol, and planning for the sustainability of the program - and to identify industries/sectors with hiring potential for VST graduates.
- To develop a branding and packaging concept for products of VST graduates.
- To develop a post-graduation follow-up system to track employment outcomes, income generation, and reintegration progress.
- To review and revise the existing reporting formats, monitoring tools in line with the project/donors’ requirements.
- To develop a plan and advocacy initiatives for the employment to support the recovered individuals who completed VSTP.
- To come up with a marketing plan and policy for the small business and products of the recovered individuals who completed the VSTP.
- To review the project implementation progress and make recommendations for further development and improvement of the quality of the program.
- To organize field visits and conduct assessments, in order to collect the data and information needed for completion of the assigned tasks.